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python38
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python3.8
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tkinter
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filedialog.py
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"""File selection dialog classes. Classes: - FileDialog - LoadFileDialog - SaveFileDialog This module also presents tk common file dialogues, it provides interfaces to the native file dialogues available in Tk 4.2 and newer, and the directory dialogue available in Tk 8.3 and newer. These interfaces were written by Fredrik Lundh, May 1997. """ from tkinter import * from tkinter.dialog import Dialog from tkinter import commondialog import os import fnmatch dialogstates = {} class FileDialog: """Standard file selection dialog -- no checks on selected file. Usage: d = FileDialog(master) fname = d.go(dir_or_file, pattern, default, key) if fname is None: ...canceled... else: ...open file... All arguments to go() are optional. The 'key' argument specifies a key in the global dictionary 'dialogstates', which keeps track of the values for the directory and pattern arguments, overriding the values passed in (it does not keep track of the default argument!). If no key is specified, the dialog keeps no memory of previous state. Note that memory is kept even when the dialog is canceled. (All this emulates the behavior of the Macintosh file selection dialogs.) """ title = "File Selection Dialog" def __init__(self, master, title=None): if title is None: title = self.title self.master = master self.directory = None self.top = Toplevel(master) self.top.title(title) self.top.iconname(title) self.botframe = Frame(self.top) self.botframe.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X) self.selection = Entry(self.top) self.selection.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X) self.selection.bind('<Return>', self.ok_event) self.filter = Entry(self.top) self.filter.pack(side=TOP, fill=X) self.filter.bind('<Return>', self.filter_command) self.midframe = Frame(self.top) self.midframe.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH) self.filesbar = Scrollbar(self.midframe) self.filesbar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y) self.files = Listbox(self.midframe, exportselection=0, yscrollcommand=(self.filesbar, 'set')) self.files.pack(side=RIGHT, expand=YES, fill=BOTH) btags = self.files.bindtags() self.files.bindtags(btags[1:] + btags[:1]) self.files.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', self.files_select_event) self.files.bind('<Double-ButtonRelease-1>', self.files_double_event) self.filesbar.config(command=(self.files, 'yview')) self.dirsbar = Scrollbar(self.midframe) self.dirsbar.pack(side=LEFT, fill=Y) self.dirs = Listbox(self.midframe, exportselection=0, yscrollcommand=(self.dirsbar, 'set')) self.dirs.pack(side=LEFT, expand=YES, fill=BOTH) self.dirsbar.config(command=(self.dirs, 'yview')) btags = self.dirs.bindtags() self.dirs.bindtags(btags[1:] + btags[:1]) self.dirs.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', self.dirs_select_event) self.dirs.bind('<Double-ButtonRelease-1>', self.dirs_double_event) self.ok_button = Button(self.botframe, text="OK", command=self.ok_command) self.ok_button.pack(side=LEFT) self.filter_button = Button(self.botframe, text="Filter", command=self.filter_command) self.filter_button.pack(side=LEFT, expand=YES) self.cancel_button = Button(self.botframe, text="Cancel", command=self.cancel_command) self.cancel_button.pack(side=RIGHT) self.top.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.cancel_command) # XXX Are the following okay for a general audience? self.top.bind('<Alt-w>', self.cancel_command) self.top.bind('<Alt-W>', self.cancel_command) def go(self, dir_or_file=os.curdir, pattern="*", default="", key=None): if key and key in dialogstates: self.directory, pattern = dialogstates[key] else: dir_or_file = os.path.expanduser(dir_or_file) if os.path.isdir(dir_or_file): self.directory = dir_or_file else: self.directory, default = os.path.split(dir_or_file) self.set_filter(self.directory, pattern) self.set_selection(default) self.filter_command() self.selection.focus_set() self.top.wait_visibility() # window needs to be visible for the grab self.top.grab_set() self.how = None self.master.mainloop() # Exited by self.quit(how) if key: directory, pattern = self.get_filter() if self.how: directory = os.path.dirname(self.how) dialogstates[key] = directory, pattern self.top.destroy() return self.how def quit(self, how=None): self.how = how self.master.quit() # Exit mainloop() def dirs_double_event(self, event): self.filter_command() def dirs_select_event(self, event): dir, pat = self.get_filter() subdir = self.dirs.get('active') dir = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(self.directory, subdir)) self.set_filter(dir, pat) def files_double_event(self, event): self.ok_command() def files_select_event(self, event): file = self.files.get('active') self.set_selection(file) def ok_event(self, event): self.ok_command() def ok_command(self): self.quit(self.get_selection()) def filter_command(self, event=None): dir, pat = self.get_filter() try: names = os.listdir(dir) except OSError: self.master.bell() return self.directory = dir self.set_filter(dir, pat) names.sort() subdirs = [os.pardir] matchingfiles = [] for name in names: fullname = os.path.join(dir, name) if os.path.isdir(fullname): subdirs.append(name) elif fnmatch.fnmatch(name, pat): matchingfiles.append(name) self.dirs.delete(0, END) for name in subdirs: self.dirs.insert(END, name) self.files.delete(0, END) for name in matchingfiles: self.files.insert(END, name) head, tail = os.path.split(self.get_selection()) if tail == os.curdir: tail = '' self.set_selection(tail) def get_filter(self): filter = self.filter.get() filter = os.path.expanduser(filter) if filter[-1:] == os.sep or os.path.isdir(filter): filter = os.path.join(filter, "*") return os.path.split(filter) def get_selection(self): file = self.selection.get() file = os.path.expanduser(file) return file def cancel_command(self, event=None): self.quit() def set_filter(self, dir, pat): if not os.path.isabs(dir): try: pwd = os.getcwd() except OSError: pwd = None if pwd: dir = os.path.join(pwd, dir) dir = os.path.normpath(dir) self.filter.delete(0, END) self.filter.insert(END, os.path.join(dir or os.curdir, pat or "*")) def set_selection(self, file): self.selection.delete(0, END) self.selection.insert(END, os.path.join(self.directory, file)) class LoadFileDialog(FileDialog): """File selection dialog which checks that the file exists.""" title = "Load File Selection Dialog" def ok_command(self): file = self.get_selection() if not os.path.isfile(file): self.master.bell() else: self.quit(file) class SaveFileDialog(FileDialog): """File selection dialog which checks that the file may be created.""" title = "Save File Selection Dialog" def ok_command(self): file = self.get_selection() if os.path.exists(file): if os.path.isdir(file): self.master.bell() return d = Dialog(self.top, title="Overwrite Existing File Question", text="Overwrite existing file %r?" % (file,), bitmap='questhead', default=1, strings=("Yes", "Cancel")) if d.num != 0: return else: head, tail = os.path.split(file) if not os.path.isdir(head): self.master.bell() return self.quit(file) # For the following classes and modules: # # options (all have default values): # # - defaultextension: added to filename if not explicitly given # # - filetypes: sequence of (label, pattern) tuples. the same pattern # may occur with several patterns. use "*" as pattern to indicate # all files. # # - initialdir: initial directory. preserved by dialog instance. # # - initialfile: initial file (ignored by the open dialog). preserved # by dialog instance. # # - parent: which window to place the dialog on top of # # - title: dialog title # # - multiple: if true user may select more than one file # # options for the directory chooser: # # - initialdir, parent, title: see above # # - mustexist: if true, user must pick an existing directory # class _Dialog(commondialog.Dialog): def _fixoptions(self): try: # make sure "filetypes" is a tuple self.options["filetypes"] = tuple(self.options["filetypes"]) except KeyError: pass def _fixresult(self, widget, result): if result: # keep directory and filename until next time # convert Tcl path objects to strings try: result = result.string except AttributeError: # it already is a string pass path, file = os.path.split(result) self.options["initialdir"] = path self.options["initialfile"] = file self.filename = result # compatibility return result # # file dialogs class Open(_Dialog): "Ask for a filename to open" command = "tk_getOpenFile" def _fixresult(self, widget, result): if isinstance(result, tuple): # multiple results: result = tuple([getattr(r, "string", r) for r in result]) if result: path, file = os.path.split(result[0]) self.options["initialdir"] = path # don't set initialfile or filename, as we have multiple of these return result if not widget.tk.wantobjects() and "multiple" in self.options: # Need to split result explicitly return self._fixresult(widget, widget.tk.splitlist(result)) return _Dialog._fixresult(self, widget, result) class SaveAs(_Dialog): "Ask for a filename to save as" command = "tk_getSaveFile" # the directory dialog has its own _fix routines. class Directory(commondialog.Dialog): "Ask for a directory" command = "tk_chooseDirectory" def _fixresult(self, widget, result): if result: # convert Tcl path objects to strings try: result = result.string except AttributeError: # it already is a string pass # keep directory until next time self.options["initialdir"] = result self.directory = result # compatibility return result # # convenience stuff def askopenfilename(**options): "Ask for a filename to open" return Open(**options).show() def asksaveasfilename(**options): "Ask for a filename to save as" return SaveAs(**options).show() def askopenfilenames(**options): """Ask for multiple filenames to open Returns a list of filenames or empty list if cancel button selected """ options["multiple"]=1 return Open(**options).show() # FIXME: are the following perhaps a bit too convenient? def askopenfile(mode = "r", **options): "Ask for a filename to open, and returned the opened file" filename = Open(**options).show() if filename: return open(filename, mode) return None def askopenfiles(mode = "r", **options): """Ask for multiple filenames and return the open file objects returns a list of open file objects or an empty list if cancel selected """ files = askopenfilenames(**options) if files: ofiles=[] for filename in files: ofiles.append(open(filename, mode)) files=ofiles return files def asksaveasfile(mode = "w", **options): "Ask for a filename to save as, and returned the opened file" filename = SaveAs(**options).show() if filename: return open(filename, mode) return None def askdirectory (**options): "Ask for a directory, and return the file name" return Directory(**options).show() # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # test stuff def test(): """Simple test program.""" root = Tk() root.withdraw() fd = LoadFileDialog(root) loadfile = fd.go(key="test") fd = SaveFileDialog(root) savefile = fd.go(key="test") print(loadfile, savefile) # Since the file name may contain non-ASCII characters, we need # to find an encoding that likely supports the file name, and # displays correctly on the terminal. # Start off with UTF-8 enc = "utf-8" import sys # See whether CODESET is defined try: import locale locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL,'') enc = locale.nl_langinfo(locale.CODESET) except (ImportError, AttributeError): pass # dialog for opening files openfilename=askopenfilename(filetypes=[("all files", "*")]) try: fp=open(openfilename,"r") fp.close() except: print("Could not open File: ") print(sys.exc_info()[1]) print("open", openfilename.encode(enc)) # dialog for saving files saveasfilename=asksaveasfilename() print("saveas", saveasfilename.encode(enc)) if __name__ == '__main__': test()